نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری روابط بینالملل واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،اهواز، ایران
2 استادیار گروه علوم سیاسی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اندیمشک، اندیمشک، ایران
3 استادیار گروه علوم سیاسی واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، اهواز ، ایران
4 استادیار گروه علوم سیاسی واحد اهواز ،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، اهواز ، ایران
چکیده
قفقاز جنوبی از مهمترین مناطق ژئوپلیتیکی است که در طول دو دهه گذشته عرصه منافع متعارض قدرتهای منطقهای از جمله ترکیه و روسیه است. این تحقیق به دنبال تبیین منافع متعارض ترکیه و روسیه در قفقاز جنوبی از منظر ژئوپلتیک انتقادی است و این فرض را مطرح میکند که منافع متعارض دو کشور مذکور در قفقازجنوبی با فاصله گرفتن از ژئوپلیتیک سنتی، در قالب استعارههای قدرت، فضا و هویت قابل تبیین است. این پژوهش با روش توصیفی – تحلیلی و استفاده از نظریه ژئوپلیتیک انتقادی این موضوع را بررسی کرده است. نتایج تحقیق حاکی از آن است که ذهنیت مقامات روسیه در قفقاز جنوبی بر مبنای تسلط بیش از دو قرن بر این منطقه، لزوم باقی ماندن در حوزه نفوذ مسکو، و لزوم دور نگهداشتن غرب از آن است. گفتمانسازی مقامات ترکیه در قفقاز جنوبی بر مبنای عمق استراتژیک، مسیر اتصال به اروپا و آسیای مرکزی و موازنهسازی است. بر اساس استعاره قدرت، روسیه و ترکیه قفقاز جنوبی را منطقه نفوذ ژئوپلیتیک خود میدانند. در استعاره فضا روسیه به وسیله حضور در سرزمینهای اوراسیا که قفقاز نیز بخشی از آن است و ترکیه با نوعثمانیگرایی و ژئوپلیتیک تمدنی سعی میکنند فضای منطقه را به نفع خود مدیریت کنند. در استعاره هویت روسیه این منطقه را عرصه «هویت روسی» و حضور روستباران میبیند. برای ترکیه نیز کنشگری بر مبنای اسلامگرایی میانهرو و عرفیگرایی اهمیت دارد.
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