Document Type : مقالات علمی -پژوهشی
Authors
1
PhD Student in Border Management, Amin Police University, Tehran, Iran.
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Border Studies, Amin Police University, Tehran, Ira
10.22067/pg.2026.97301.1427
Abstract
Background and Objective: In recent decades, the process of globalization, with the transformation of traditional borders from rigid dividing lines to fluid spaces and interdependence, has shifted the management of border disputes from bilateral approaches to multilateral diplomacy. This study aimed to examine the role of multilateral diplomacy in managing border disputes within the framework of the globalization paradigm.
Research Methodology: The present study is qualitative and applied-explanatory. Data were collected from two documentary sources: Persian and Latin books and articles, and fieldwork, and with the participating community, semi-structured interviews with 16 experts including diplomats, border experts, and university professors until theoretical saturation. Data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis at three levels (basic, organizing, and overarching themes).
Findings: Thematic analysis extracted four overarching themes: 1) The efficiency and effectiveness of multilateral diplomacy in reducing tension, increasing trust, and transforming borders into opportunities for cooperation; 2) Mechanisms and tools include impartial mediation, multi-track diplomacy, and shared resource management; 3) Limitations and challenges such as dependence on political will, weak enforcement, and the impact of great power competition; 4) Linkage with globalization through the blurring of traditional borders and strengthening interdependence. Finally, a final model for managing border disputes was designed.
Conclusion: Multilateral diplomacy within the globalization paradigm is a preventive and institutionalized mechanism for transforming border conflicts into opportunities for cooperation, but its success requires strengthening political will, improving the enforcement of international institutions, and intelligent use of interdependence capacities. This approach offers a practical strategy for countries with multiple border disputes to achieve sustainable security.
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