Document Type : *

Authors

1 PhD student of international relation, Isfahan,(Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

2 Associate Professor of international relation, Isfahan,(Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran(Corresponding Author).

Abstract

The relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the countries of Central Asia, which after the collapse of the Soviet Union, have gained an increasing position in international equations and regional relations, are of great importance because they are a potential source of many threats and opportunities for Iran. Is. Iran's foreign policy in this region, on the one hand, based on the factors of convergence in the political, economic and cultural fields, has enjoyed opportunities and fields of influence and cooperation, and on the other hand, due to the factors of divergence with It has faced challenges and threats, the result of which has always had an impact on the direction of Iran's foreign policy in the Central Asian region. Due to its unique features in the Middle East region, the Islamic Republic of Iran needs to always expand its relations with neighboring countries and neighboring regions. Based on this assumption, in order to identify and explain the identity of the foreign policy in the Central Asia region, the question of this article is: "In what dimensions has Iran's foreign policy in the Central Asia region been successful and in which of them has it failed?" In response to this research, this hypothesis is proposed that "the absence of a multifaceted (flexible) foreign policy considering the contribution of each of the political, economic and cultural sectors has been influential in the successes and failures of Iran's foreign policy in Central Asia". The method of conducting this research is a qualitative descriptive-analytical type, and its data have been collected through documentary library studies and reviewed and analyzed in the framework of foreign policy.

Keywords

  1. Abbasi Semnani, A., (2013). Iran's geopolitical position in the regional and world power relations. Scientific- Research Quarterly of Geographical Data (SEPEHR), 22(SEPEHR), 96-104. [In Persian]
  2. Afrasiabi, K., & MALEKI. A., (2003). Iran’s Foreign Policy After 11 September. The Brown Journal of World Affairs, 6(2): 255-265.
  3. Aghazadeh, M., (2015). Iran’s Foreign Policy Approach toward the Central Asia and Caucasus. Academic journal, 3(1):96-102.
  4. Alavian, M, & Kozegar Koleji, V., (2009). Foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran and Central Asia: platforms of convergence and areas of divergence. J.A. and Central Asia foreign policy articles, 12(46): 63- 92. [In Persian]
  5. Aminian, B., (2007). Special features of the armed forces in foreign policy; The case of America after September 11. Defense Policy, No. 58: 7-30. [In Persian]
  6. Atai, F., & Kozegar Koljegi, V., (2014). A Glimpse on Changing Foreign Policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan from the Consistency Theory Point of View. Central Asia and The Caucasus Journal, 18(78): 107-135.[In Persian]
  7. Azami, H., & Dabiri, A.A., (2013). Evaluating opportunities and challenges of Iran's Geopolitical Situation in Central Asia. Geographical, 12 (4 and 40):25-46.[In Persian]
  8. Baghian Zarchi, M., (2012). The impact of interactive foreign policy against the hegemonic system on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Islamic Revolution Approach, No. 24: 23-40. [In Persian]
  9. Bagheri Moghadam, Gh., (2015). Pathology of the Foreign Policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Central Asian Region, Tehran: Ministry of Foreign Affairs Publications. [In Persian]
  10. Clark, B., (2015). Ahmadinejad, Iran, and Foreign Policy Dysfunction in Tajikistan. Asian Politics & Policy, 7(2): 67-78.
  11. Cornell, Svante E., (2003). Regional Politics in Central Asia: the Changing Roles of Iran, Turkey, Pakistan and China, India and Central Asia: Building Linkages in an Age of Turbulence. (New Delhi: SAPRA Foundation, p 231).
  12. Dehghani Firouzayadi, S.J., (2016). Iranian Foreign Policy Discourses in Central Asia and the Caucasus. Do Iras, 1(2): 114-134. [In Persian]
  13. Dehghani Firouzabadi, S.J., & DamanpakHaji, M., (2017). Economic Diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Central Asian Region; Evaluation of 25 years of economic relations between Iran and the republics after independence. Central Asia and Caucasus Studies Quarterly, No. 96: 25-66.
  14. Deshyar, H., (2008). Theoretical framework of successful foreign policy. Foreign policy, 16(4): 1050-1030. [In Persian]
  15. Ehteshami, A., & Mahjoob, Z., (2007). Iran  and  the  Rise  of  Its Neoconservatives. London: I.B. Tauris.
  16. Hafeznia, M., Ahmedpour, Z., & Badiei, M., (2012). Analysis of the Geographical Bases of the National Power of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Geographical Sciences, Teacher Training, No.1: 47-68. [In Persian]
  17. Hafeznia, M.R., Shams Doulatabadi, M., & Afshordy, M.H., (2007). Iran’s Interests in Central Asia and the Existing Opportunities. Geopolitics Quarterly3(9): 78-119. [In Persian]
  18. Husain, T., (2017). Iqra Jathol and Muhammad Qazafi, Iran’s Changing Foreign Policy Trends. Asian Social Science, 13(6):18-29.
  19. Kazemi, E., Alihosseini, A., Emamjomehzadeh, S.J., & Aghahosseini, A., (2017). Fundamentals of the Political in Ancient Greece and the Role of Police in its Formation. Research Letter of Political Science, 12(2), 27-56. [In Persian]
  20. Kozegar Koleji, V., (2014). Iran, Russia and China in Central Asia: Interaction and Confrontation with American Foreign Policy. Tehran: Ministry of Foreign Affairs Publishing House. [In Persian]
  21. Kolayi, E., (2013). Politics and Government in Central Asia, Tehran: SAMT. [In Persian]
  22. Olivier, R., (2001). Iran's Foreign Policy in Central Asia. Central Asia and Caucasus Studies Quarterly, No. 36: 173-198.
  23. Parkhomchik, L., (2013). Modification of Iran’s Foreign Policy Orientation in Central Asia. asia/.../lidiya-parkhomchik-modification-of-iran-s-foreign-poli.
  24. Peyrouse, S., (2014). Iran’s Growing Role in Central Asia? Geopolitical, Economic and Political Profit and Loss Account,2014 from: http://studies.aljazeera.net/en/dossiers/2014/04/2014416940377354.html.
  25. Mirfakhraei, S.H., & Firouzmandi Bandpey, M., (2017). Iran’s Cultural Diplomacy in Central Asia and South Caucasus: Challenges and Opportunities. Central Eurasia Studies, 10(2): 433-448. doi: 10.22059/jcep.2018.207347.449647[In Persian]
  26. Mohammad Sharifi, M., (2009). Iran's Islamic Revolution and Islamic Fundamentalism in Central Asia and the Caucasus. Political-Economic Information, 23(262): 17-71. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/507323/fa[In Persian]
  27. mosavi shafaee, S.M., & shapoori, M., (2012). Aspects and impacts of Iran's risky geopolitics. Strategic Studies Quarterly. 14(54): 163-192. [In Persian]
  28. Ramani, S., (2016). Has Iran Finally Found a Security Partner in Central Asia?. https://thediplomat.com/2016/05/has-iran-finally-found-a-security-partner-in-central-asia/
  29. Sanaei, M., & Sangary, F., (2011). A Comparative Study of Foreign Policies of Iran and Russia in Central Asia. Central Eurasia Studies. 4(9): 21-38. [In Persian]
  30. Sarmast, H. R., bijani, A., & Akhbari, M., (2020). Analytical Investigation of Converging Factors (Strengths and Opportunities) in the Formation of Regionalism in Iran and Central Asia. Geography (Regional Planning), 10(1): 421-441. [In Persian]
  31. Shirkhani, M.A., Menati, A., & Baizidi, R., (2022). Principles Governing Defense in International Relations from the Viewpoint of Liberalism and Islam. Islamic Defense and Security Studies, 1(1): 181-200. [In Persian]
  32. Shouri, M. (2012). Conceptualizing the global situation after the Cold War; Hegemony and anti-hegemony. Strategy, twenty-seventh issue, pp. 145-172. [In Persian]
  33. Suleimanpour, H., & Damanpak Jami, M., (2009). The role of multilateralism and regional trade trainings in advancing economic diplomacy of the Islamic Republic. Central Eurasia Studies, 2(3): 77-96. [In Persian]
  34. Snegur, J., (2007). Iran and Russia: An Ambiguous Relationship.  in  Michel  Korinman and  John  Laughland,  ,  Shia  Power:  Next  Target  Iran?, London: Vallentine M.Academic.
  35. Vaezi, M., (2016). Trends and structures in the new global situation. Foreign policy, 21(3): 1-15. [In Persian]
  36. Vosoughi, S., & Safari, A., (2017). Kazakhstan’s Role in the Development of Relations between Iran and China in Central Asia. Central Eurasia Studies, 10(2), 467-484. doi: 10.22059/jcep.2018.209451.449654 [In Persian]
  37. Wastnidge, E., (2014). Pragramatic politics: iran, centeral asia and cultural foreign policy. centeral asia and the Caucasus, 15(4):214-235.
  38. Zibakalam, S., & Goodarzi, M., (2013). Energy Security and Tajikistan’s Open- Door Policy: Position of Iran in Tajikistan’s Economic-Commercial Relations. Central Eurasia Studies, 6(12): 75-94. doi: 10.22059/jcep.2013.35151[In Persian]
CAPTCHA Image