با همکاری انجمن ژئوپلیتیک ایران

نوع مقاله : مقالات علمی -پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران مرکز، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات ، تهران، ایران

چکیده

بزرگ‌ترین تهدید زیست‌محیطی امروز گرمایش جهانی و تغییرات اقلیمی است. اثرات تغییر اقلیم منجر به کمبود آب و غذا، بیماری، بیکاری و مهاجرت، فقر، تنش‌ها در خصوص منابع و بی‌ثباتی جهانی می‌شود. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، تحلیل اثرات تغییر اقلیم در کشور و تأثیر آن بر توسعۀ پایدار و ژئوپلیتیک است. این مقاله از نوع توصیفی‑تحلیلی با روش پیمایشی است. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش شامل صاحب‌نظران و متخصصین شاغل در سازمان‌های هواشناسی، محیط‌زیست و پدافند غیر عامل است و پرسشنامه بر اساس شاخص‌های اثرات تغییر اقلیم، توسعۀ پایدار و ژئوپلیتیک طراحی و در بین آنها توزیع گردید. تعداد 60 پرسشنامه جمع‌آوری شد و پس از اندازه‌گیری پایایی و روایی آن، با استفاده از نرم‌افزار (pls) و تعیین الگوی مناسب، فرضیّۀ تحقیق اثبات گردید. بر اساس یافته‌ها، اثرات تغییر اقلیم با توسعۀ پایدار رابطۀ معنادار و معکوس دارد و همچنین کاهش روند توسعۀ پایدار در توان ژئوپلیتیکی کشور تأثیر منفی و معناداری دارد و درنهایت کاهش توسعۀ پایدار در تأثیر تغییر اقلیم بر ژئوپلیتیک نقش میانجی دارد. سپس به‌وسیلۀ «آزمون مقایسه‌ای فریدمن» به اولویّت‌بندی پارامترهای تأثیرگذار تغییر اقلیم در ژئوپلیتیک پرداخته شد که به ترتیب عبارت‌اند از 1- فقر و ناهنجاری‌های اجتماعی 2- خشک‌سالی 3 - مهاجرت. در قسمت پیشنهاد‌ها بر لزوم اجرای روش‌های مؤثر از جمله آبخیزداری و استفاده از انرژی‌های پاک جهت کاهش انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای برای سازگاری با اثرات تغییر اقلیم تأکید شده است.

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