Document Type : مقالات علمی -پژوهشی
Author
Geography department, Faculty of Social Sciences, PUN
Abstract
The decline of the Ottoman Empire was a prelude to the British Mandate of Palestine. With the beginning of the Mandate, an opportunity was provided for Jews and the Zionist movement to take action to establish a Jewish state. Jews from all over the world immigrated to the Palestinian region at the invitation of the Zionist movement. As Jewish immigration increased, tensions arose between Arabs and Jews. In 1947, the United Nations proposed dividing Palestine into two parts - one Jewish and one Arab, with the responsibility of the Jewish part shared with the Jews and the Arab part with the Arabs. However, the Arabs rejected the plan. Since the establishment of Israel, the Palestinians have not succeeded in establishing an independent state. Today, they face even greater difficulties in achieving this goal. This article, written in a scholarly style, is analytical and attempts to explain the major obstacles in the process of establishing an independent Palestinian state after examining the initial requirements for statehood. The findings of the study emphasize that despite the great efforts of the Palestinian people and some international support, the challenge of independence remains serious due to the problem of territorial division and the lack of full control of the Palestinians over their territory and natural resources, especially surface and subsurface water resources. Water scarcity and the lack of control over water resources by the Palestinians is a major problem facing the establishment of an independent Palestinian state. The lack of control over water resources turns water scarcity into a serious crisis that can overshadow efforts to establish an independent Palestinian state. The water crisis is a fundamental problem for the Palestinian region. As a first step, resource management should be entrusted to the Palestinians.
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