Balancing the Development of Kermanshah Border Province Based on the Model of Good Governance

Document Type : مقالات علمی -پژوهشی

Authors

aliasghar pilehvar ¹

Ashkan Esmat yar ²

omid piryan kalat ³

¹ Associate Professor, Department of Urban Planning, Bojnourd University, Bojnourd, Iran

² M.A. Student in regional planning, University of Shahid Beheshti,Iran

³ M.A. Student in regional planning, University of Shahid Beheshti, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22067/pg.2022.72594.1089

Abstract

 Border provinces of Iran have always faced inequality, spatial imbalances and deprivation in the development process. This article aims to give balance the growth and development process of the cities of Kermanshah province based on the model of good governance. The research method is descriptive-analytical and its type is applied-developmental. The research has been done and analyzed in 2 stages. In the first stage, 11 effective indicators of the growth and development process of the cities of Kermanshah border province in three economic, social and infrastructural dimensions have been identified, selected and analyzed in the form of TOPSIS model. In the second stage, the six principles of good governance were examined and analyzed through Friedman test and t-test. The results showed that the level of development has a deep gap and on the one hand the possibility of economic competitiveness at the local, regional, national and even with the neighboring province in Iraq is minimized. The results of this study show that the principle of participation with a value of 0.0001, efficiency with a value of 0.019 and effectiveness with a value of 0.0016 as the three principles of good governance in the border province of Kermanshah do not have normal and appropriate conditions. For this purpose, one of the most effective strategies to improve the conditions of efficiency, effectiveness and participation in Kermanshah province is to follow a proper division of labor and emphasis on meritocracy, offer a periodic report on the quality of service in cities to officials, realize a balanced model of multi-center development in the province and prepare a plan to use the capacity of neighboring of Kermanshah province with Iraq.

Keywords

Balanced Development

Good Governance

Border Province

Kermanshah

---

References

1. Afshordi ,M.H., Janparvar,M., Ahmadipour,Z., & Qasri,M., (2014). Explain the effective indicators in border management. International Quarterly of Geopolitics, 10(2),1-35 [in Persian].
2. Ahmadi Nohdani, S., Ghaderi Hajat, M., & Yousefi, H., (2021). Explaining the Geopolitical Challenges of Iran-France Relations. International Quarterly of Geopolitics, 17(63), 1-31[in Persian].
3. Ahmadi,H., & Dadjoo,R., (2012). Sustainable development of border areas; The basic strategy of maintaining border security. National Conference on Border Cities and Security; Challenges and approaches, 60-69 [in Persian].
4. Amanpour,S., & Alizadeh, H., (2013). Evaluation of Sustainable Development Indicators in Kermanshah Province Using Regression Analysis and FAHP Hierarchical Analysis. Geography and Urban-Regional Planning, 3(9), 83-96 [in Persian].
5. Andalib ,E., & Javanshiri ,M., (2016). Organizing border areas and formulating development strategies in the Taibad border area. Geographical Sciences Journal , 25(2-3) , 100-120 [in Persian].
6. Andalib,E., & Motawef ,SH., (2009). Development and security in the planning of border areas of Iran. Baq nazar Journal , 12(3-4), 57-76 [in Persian].
7. Atefi,H., Romina,A., & Qorbaninejad,R., (2019). Theoretical model of spatial development in integrated border areas. Geographical Space Scientific Journal, 72(1),19-37 [in Persian].
8. Borseková, K., Va ˇnová, A.,Šúrová, J., Král’, P., Tureˇcková, K., Nevima, J., & Martinát, S.,(2021). The Nexus between Creative Actors and Regional Development. Land, 10(3),1-12.
9. Dadashpour ,H., & Fathejalali,A., (2013). An analysis of the pattern of regional specialization and spatial concentration of industries in Iran. Journal of Regional Planning, 11(3),1-18 [in Persian].
10. Dillon, E.J., Hennessy, T., Howley, P., & Heanue, K., (2015). Exploring the role of farmers’ attitudes in influencing animal health best practice. Annual Conference of the Agricultural Economics Society. University of Warwick, England, 1–23.
11. Ejlali, P., (1992). Regional analysis and share of settlements. Iran, Tehran: Plan and Budget [In Persian].
12. Ezati,N., Heydaripour,E., & Iqbali,N., (2011). The role and place of border area planning in the planning system (Case study: Iran border areas). Journal of New Attitudes in Human Geography (Human Geography), 4(3),179-197[In Persian].
13. Fallahian,N., Pourmosavi,M., Viesi,R., &Rezapor,H., (2015). Investigation and analysis of the status and level of development of Guilan province in 1375 and 1390. Quarterly Journal of Planning Studies for Human Settlements. 10(31), 61-78[in Persian].
14. Faraji sabokbar ,H., Hosseini, A., Ashor Nejad,Gh., Soleimani, H., (2015). Analysis and evaluation of residential development in urban areas of East Azerbaijan province with a new combination of multi-criteria decision-making methods. Journal of Spatial Planning, Golestan University Scientific-Research Quarterly, 5(17), 27-54 [in Persian].
15. Farajirad,KH., Kazemiyan,Q., & Roknoldineftekhari,E., (2011). Pathology of regional development policies in Iran from the perspective of an institutional approach. Journal of Development Management Process, 2(2), 27-58 [in Persian].
16. Ghaderi Hajat, M., & Golkarami, A., (2020). Investigating and Analyzing the Geopolitical Attitude of the High-Level Documents of Spatial Planning in Iran. International Quarterly of Geopolitics, 16(58), 58-87. [in Persian].
17. Ghasemi, M., Golsoumiyan, H., & Minaei, H.,(2019). Development gaps are an obstacle to achieving sustainable security in border areas (Case study of Taybad border city). Journal of Geographical Engineering of the Land, 3(6), 63-78[in Persian].
18. Ginevičius, R., & Podvezko, V., (2009). Evaluating the changes in economic and social development of Lithuanian counties by multiple criteria methods. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 15(3), 418–436. doi: 10.3846/1392-8619.2009.15.418-436.
19. Graham, J., Bruce, Amos., & Tim, P., (2003). Principles for Good Governance in the 21st Century. Policy Brief No. 15. Ottawa, Canada: Institute on Governance.
20. Gruzina,Y., Irina,F., & Wadim, S.,(2021). Dynamics of Human Capital Development in Economic. Development Cycles. Economies 9: 67
21. Hasan nami,M., & Heydaripour,A., (2011). A new model for accurately calculating the area and length of the borders of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Journal of Geography (regional planning), 2(1), 229-248 [in Persian].
22. Hashemi,S., Hekmatniya,H., & Esmaillzadeh,E., (2019). Leveling the Security Stability of Border Cities Using Cluster Analysis, Case Study: Cities of North Khorasan Province. Journal of Spatial Planning, Golestan University, 9(32),163-180 [in Persian].
23. Janparvar,M., Mazandarani,D., Qobasefidibaygi,E., & Abasi,F., (2021). Conceptualizing border areas (and explaining their shaping parameters. International Quarterly of Geopolitics, 17(63), 116-141 [in Persian].
24. Kardos, M., (2012). ‘The Reflection of Good Governance in Sustainable Development Strategies. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 58, 1166–1173. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.1098.
25. Karimipour,Y., & Aref,M., (2016). The role of political organization of space in balanced regional development studied: Chabahar port. National Conference on the Development of the Geopolitical Region of Southeastern Iran [in Persian].
26. Kermanshah Management and Planning Organization, (2021). Kermanshah province planning studies (administrative-organizational analysis), Razi University of Kermanshah.
27. Kupriyanov,S.V., Starikov, K.S., Mikalut, S.M., (2021).Analysis of the Innovative Potential of Russian Border Regions. International science and technology conference "Earth science", IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 666.
28. Leftwich, A., (1994). Governance, the State and the Politics of Development. Development and Change, 25(2), 363–386. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7660.1994.tb00519.x.
29. M)irehei,M., Hoseyni,S., & Mirzaie,S., (2017). Study and analysis on how the rural border areas are developed (case study of Sarakhs counties). Journal of Border Studies, 2(2),81-108[in Persian].
30. Mabogunj, A.L., & Misra, R.P., (1989). Regional development. (Abbas Mokhber,Trans.). Tehran: Ministry of Planning and Budget.[In Persian].
31. Midri,A., & Kheyrkhahan,J., (2004). Good governance, the foundation of development. Iran, Tehran: Islamic Consultative Assembly Research Center [in Persian].
32. Mohamadi,H., (2011). Regional Development Strategy (RDS) A policy framework for sustainable regional development. The first national conference on geography, urban planning and sustainable development, [in Persian].
33. Motavef,SH., (1997). A look at the theory of regionalism, biology and the possibility of using it in regional planning in Iran. Journal of Planning and Budgeting,15(3), 47-58 [in Persian].
34. OMP & Cipfa. (2004). Good Governance Standard for Public Services. UK, London:Hackney Press Ltd.
35. Pacione, M., (2009).Urban Geography: A Global Perspective. Angewte Chemie International, 6(11), 1-50.
36. Parizadi, T., & Mirzazade, H., (2018). Regional development in Iran with a distributive justice approach. Journal of Applied Research in Geographical Sciences, 18(50), 179-198[In Persian].
37. Parniyan, H., Ziary, K., Miree, M., & Modiri, M., (2016). Border development strategies with land management approach (Study area: Urmia - Salmas). Journal of Geographic Information, 104(4),1-18 [in Persian].
38. Riahi, V., Afrakhteh, H., & Salehpour, S., (2020). Factors Affecting Inefficiency of the Country Divisions System at the Local Level (Case Study: Urmia County). International Quarterly of Geopolitics, 16(59), 119-147. [in Persian].
39. Romina,E., (2018). Explain the relationship between geographical distance and underdevelopment; Case: Provinces in Iran , Planning and arranging space , PP:129-148 [in Persian].
40. Romina,E., Pourazizi,A., & Baiezi,S., (2018). The Impact of Economic Exchanges on the Development of Border Cities (Case Study: Piranshahr City), Human Geography Research, 50(4), 1049-1065 [in Persian]
41. Sajadiyan,N., & Ekrami,N., (2016). Measuring the extent to which the border provinces of the country have development indicators using numerical taxonomy and TOPSIS models. Environmental Management Quarterly, 11(41),47-69 [in Persian].
42. Sarrafi,M., & Nejati,N., (2013). Neo-regionalist approach in order to improve Iran's spatial development management system. Human Geography Research, 46(4),857-874 [in Persian].
43. Sarrafi,M., (2000). Basics of Regional Development Planning. Iran, Tehran: Plan and Budget Organization press [in Persian].
44. Sebudubudu, D., (2010). The impact of good governance on development and poverty in Africa: Botswana -A relatively successful African initiative. African Journal of Political Science and International Relations, 4(7), pp. 249–262. Available at: http://www.academicjournals.org/ajpsir.
45. Sermak, A., & Geography, B.O.F., (2007). Theoretical deliberations on frontier location of cities’, Bulletin of geography. Socio-economic series, 7(2) 73–86.
46. Shamaie,E., Salahi,E., & Hosainpour,M., (2014). Spatial analysis of the effects of border markets on the development of Baneh and Piranshahr cities. Journal of Space Geography, Golestan University, 5(4),205-216 [in Persian].
47. Sharifzadeh,M., & et al (2015). Proper governance based on social capital in rural management in the city of Joybar. Journal of Space Geography, Golestan University, 7(23),105-122 [in Persian]
48. Statistical Center of Iran (2017). General population and housing census of Kermanshah province.
49. Taghvaei,M., Tahmasebipour,R., & Hosin,N., (2011). Determining and analyzing the levels of orchards in Bushehr province using the scalogram model. Journal of Geography and Land Management, 2(4), 59-74 [in Persian].
50. Yasoori,M., & Sojodi,M., (2017). Regional Development Strategy (RDS) A New Strategy for Balanced Regional Development(Case Study: Rasht County). Journal of Regional Planning, 29(1), 93-106 [in Persian].
51. Yasoori,M., (2009). Investigating the situation of regional inequality in Khorasan Razavi province. Journal of Geography and Regional Development , 12(1-2), 201-223 [in Persian].
52. Zaki,Y., & Pashalo,A., (2014). Study of the function of the border markets of West Azerbaijan with emphasis on the border market of Sarv. National Conference on Border Crossing, Sustainable Development and Investment Opportunities , Autumn [in Persian].
53. Zarabi,A., & Tabrizi,N., (2010). Determining the level of development of cities in Mazandaran province-Factor analysis approach. Geographical letter of environmental planning, No.12 ,PP:63-77 [in Persian].
54. Zarghani, S., Azami, H., & Ahmadi, R., (2014). Investigation and Recognition of Variables Affecting Political System’s Instability. International Quarterly of Geopolitics, 10(35), 76-94. [in Persian].
55. Ziary, K., & Zanjirchi, S., (2009). Survey and ranking of the degree of development of the cities of Khorasan Razavi province, using TOPSIS technique. Human Geography Research, No. 72, PP: 17-30 [in Persian].
56. Ziary, K., Saeadirezvani,N., & Baqalsalahpour,L., (2010). Measuring the degree of development of the cities of East Azerbaijan province by (HDI) method. Journal of Management beyond, 12(1),75-95 [in Persian].
57. Zulqarnain, R.M., Xin, X.L., Siddique, I., Asghar Khan, W., & Yousif,M.A., (2021).TOPSIS Method Based on Correlation Coefficient under Pythagorean Fuzzy Soft Environment and Its Application towards Green Chain Management.Sustainability, No.13, 164.