Explanation of Strategies for Management of Iran’s Environmental Foundations Case Study: Water

Document Type : مقالات علمی -پژوهشی

Authors

• Afsahin Mottaghi
• Mosayeb Gharehbeygi

University of Tehran

Doi:org/10.22067/pg.v5i4.82616

Abstract

Possibilities for improvements of water resources management exist because of Iran’s vast areas of cultivable lands, big rivers and suitable sites for construction of dams in Zagross and Alborz mountain ranges, extensive aquifers, and suitable climatic conditions for cultivation of different plants. In addition to existing exploitation of the water resources of the country, there is some capacity for physical development of up to 30 bcm of water resources for consumptive uses and up to 50 bcm for energy production, while still observing all economic, social, and environmental limitations. Cultural support for developments in water resources management includes traditions and social institutions that have adapted over time to different geographical conditions, especially in arid and semiarid regions. The best adapted of such institutions allow for effective water resource utilization. Political conditions conducive to developing water resources management include extensive citizen participation in public affairs, strengthening of the parliamentary system, creation of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), support of local management, and suitable political background for developing the water and agriculture sector. Existing installations and equipment include large and small reservoir dams, extensive irrigation and drainage networks, water transmission pipelines and pumping stations, treatment plants and water reservoirs, urban water distribution networks, and other facilities. Institutional capacity includes the possibility for experienced national experts to provide consulting and construction services in order to reduce foreign exchange expenses to a considerable extent.

Keywords

• Water
• Strategic Planning
• Optimized Management
• SWOT
• Iran

References

Asgharpour, Mohammad Javad (2013). Group Decision and the Theory of Games with emphasizes on Field-Research, Tehran: University of Tehran Publisher [in Persian].

Chen, X., Yang, S-H., Yang, L. and Chen, X. (2015). A Benchmarking Model for Household Water Consumption Based on Adaptive Logic Networks, Procedia Engineering. Computing and Control for the Water Industry (CCWI2015) Sharing the best practice in water management, 119(3): 131–148.

Dekambin, Majid (2015). Insecurity and Water Security, Tehran: Center for Strategic Studies [in Persian].

Dowlatyar, Mostafa, Garry, Tim (2016). The Policy of Water in the Middle East, Translated by Rasoul Afzali and Reza Eltiaminia, Tehran: Chap and Nashr-e Beynolmelal Publisher [in Persian].

Eggimann, S., Mutzner, L., Wani, O., Mariane, Y., Schneider, S., Dorothee, B. and Maurer, M. (2017). The potential of knowing more – a review of data-driven urban water management, Environmental Science & Technology, 51(5): 238–253.

Ministry of Energy (2015). Comprehensive Project of Iran’s Basins: Reports of Population, Climate, Surface Water, Underground Water and Environmental Issues, Tehran: ABFA Publication [in Persian].

Molden, D. (2007). Water for food, Water for life is A Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture, Earthscan Pub.

Momeni, Sakine and Zibaee, Mansour (2012). Potential Effects of Climate Changes on Agricultures of Fars Provinces, Journal of Economy and Development of Agriculture, Vol. 27, No. 3, PP. 1-21 [in Persian].

National Geography of Military Forces (2011). Geography of Iran: Introduction to Iran’s Physical Geography, Tehran: Publication of National Geography of Military Forces [in Persian].

Oxfam (2017). Contribution of the intercontinental atmospheric transport to mercury pollution in the Northern Hemisphere, London: UK.

Rademaker, A. (2016). Role of tropospheric ozone increases in 20th-century climate change, Journal of Geophysical Research–Atmospheres, 11(8): 8-20.

Rahmani, Mohammad Reza (2016). Geopolitical Pathology of Water Source Management in Iran, Case Study: Karoun and Karkheh Basin, PhD Thesis in Political Geography, University of Tehran [in Persian].

Rose Grant, A.H., Roland J. and Benden, S. (2012), Hydro-politics in the Developing World: A Southern African Perspective. First published, University of Pretoria

Sands, R. (2013). Studies on Water Shortage: the California Experience, Proc. EWRI, Impacts of Global Climate Change.

Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K. B., Tignor, M., and Miller, H. L.  (2017). “IPCC Fourth Assessment Report, Climate Change, Working Group I, Summary for Policy-makers, the Physical Science Basis”. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and United State.

Wild, O., M.J. Prather, H. Akimoto, J.K. Sundet, I.S.A. Isaksen, J.H. Crawford, D.D. Davis, M.A. Avery, Y. Kondo, G.W. Sachse, and S.T. Sandholm. (2014). Chemical transport model ozone simulations for spring 2001 over the western pacific: Regional ozone production and its global impacts. Journal of Geophysical Research–Atmospheres, 109 (15): 21-30.