Analysis of the Key Drivers Affecting the Formation of the Political-Religious Raushaniya Movement in the Indian Subcontinent with a Futuristic Approach

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

• Hesamuddin Hojjatzadeh ¹
• Mohammad Baghestani Koozegar ²
• Shahrbanoo Delbari ³

¹ PhD student of History and Civilization of Islamic Nations, Islamic Azad University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

² Assistant Professor in History and Civilization of Islamic Nations, Institute of Islamic Sciences and Culture, Iran

³ Assistant Professor, Department of History and Civilization of Islamic Nations, Islamic Azad University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22067/pg.v4i2.86265

Abstract

Abstract
In the new millennium, the return to classical politicism and the existence of efficient political-religious parties is one of the most important indicators of social development on a national scale and a factor influencing the stability and prosperity of different nations in the field of international policy. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to analyze the key drivers affecting the formation of the political-religious Raushaniya movement in the Indian subcontinent with a futuristic approach. The used research method is descriptive-analytical, based on library studies, field surveys and software. The statistical population of the present study is a group of individuals and experts who have sufficient knowledge and experience about the formation of political-religious movement in the region of South Asia and the Indian subcontinent. Using the snowball method, 40 people were selected as a statistical sample to continue the studies, due to the impossibility of access to all. The results showed that the accuracy and validity of the research data in the form of filling index with a coefficient of nearly (98%) was confirmed. Also, the distribution of research variables indicates a significant and key contribution of elements with moderate impact (282) in the direct state and (4650) in the indirect state. Accordingly, feasible future patterns were presented in three groups of scenarios: high desirability (green status), acceptable (yellow status) and crisis (red status).

Keywords

• Key drivers
• political system
• future research
• political development

References

 Alavi, S. (2017). Political and management. UT J. UK.

 Chermack. F. Lee, Y. hang, L. (2001). Annual report on Urban Environment Quality and standards in the European Metropoles. TWE Press. London.

 ‌Coaffee, O. (2009). Sustainability Human, Social, Economic and Environmental. World Bank Washington DC, USA.

 Collins, J. (2008). Large Executives (Principles and Procedures), Baidur Company, Bureau of Investigation, Tehran. [In Persian].

 Cullen, J. (1998). Risk management in man-made crises with a non-operating defense approach (Case study: Tehran metropolis). Urban Planning and Research, Tenth Year, No. 27. [In Persian].

 Edwards, T. (2017). Leadership in policymaking and crisis management. Simon and Schuster.

 Faraji Mullahi, A. Aliverdello, H. Amini, H. (2015). Defensive land preparation from a passive defense perspective. The Antiquarian Society of Iran, Thirteenth Year, No. 45.

 Heli, F. R., Thompson, D. J., Helgason, H., Chasman, D. I., Finucane, H., Sulem, P., ... & Altmaier, E. (2017). Genomic analyses identify hundreds of variants associated with age at menarche and support a role for puberty timing in cancer risk. Nature genetics, 49(6), 834-841.

 Heydari, A. Rahnama, MR. Shokouhi, M., Kharazmi. O. (2019). Analysis of Urban Environmental Sustainability in Mashhad Metropolis Using Natural Step Approach. Journal of Geography and Regional Development, Sixteenth Year No. 2. [In Persian].

 Heydari, A., & Bakhtar, S. (2018). Analyzing the regional development of kurdish border cities of iran using sustainable urban development indices (study area: kurdistan province). Geojournal of Tourism and Geosites, 23 (3), 797–807.

 Kamran, H. Amini, H. Prizadi, T. (2011). Individual-level metrics and individual-level strategies. The Antiquarian Society of Iran, Ninth Year, No. 30. [In Persian].

 Kazemi, Sh. Tabrizi, N. (2015). Evaluation of Urban Space Safety with Emphasis on Passive Defense Indicators (Case Study: Amol City). Urban Planning Studies Quarterly, No. 9.

 Kotler- Berkowitz, L. (2005). Friends and politics: linking diverse friendship networks to political participation. In A. S. Zuckerman, The social logic of Politics: personal networks as contexts for political behavior (pp. 152-170). Philadelphia, USA: Temple university press.

 Lee, H. Maleki, K. Shafaeti, A. Heydarifar, MR. (2018). Duffand and Sustainable Urban Development with an emphasis on the threatening users of the Tabriz metropolis from a war perspective. Geography and Environmental Sustainability (Geographical Journal), Volume 2, Number (5). [In Persian].

 Parizi, R. Kazemi, N. (2015) Passive Defense Knowledge. Bustan Publications, First Year, First Edition, Tehran. [In Persian].

 Quarol, Martha (2005). Does demogracy preemt civil wars? Journal of political economy, 21, 67-80.

 Raggers, H. Eli, O. Rayy, K. (2016). Passive Defense and Regional Development. Routledge press. London.

 Rahnama, MR. Maroufi, A. (2015). The futures studies research. Publishing Center of Mashhad Islamic Council. [In Persian].

 Turner, H. (2016). Passive urban defense, Oxford press. England.Heydari, A. Rahnama, MR. Shokouhi, M., Kharazmi. O. (2016). Analysis of Spatial Developments of Urban Environment in Mashhad Metropolitan Area Using Natural Step Futures Model. Geography and Environmental Sustainability. Volume 6, Number 1 - Sequential Issue 18. [In Persian].

 Zhou, X. (2011). Urban land use planning, university of Illinois press, Urbana