Ahmadreza yazdani; Parvaneh Zivyar; Bahman Kargar
Abstract
We tried to study this area by focusing on the cultural basis by evaluating the potentials, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the region. Obviously, the study method in this qualitative article and its main tool is in-depth interview and data analysis using the SWOT model. To investigate the issue, ...
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We tried to study this area by focusing on the cultural basis by evaluating the potentials, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the region. Obviously, the study method in this qualitative article and its main tool is in-depth interview and data analysis using the SWOT model. To investigate the issue, strategies based on the principle of regeneration approach in historical contexts based on culture have been presented, which by applying these strategies and policies to upgrade and develop infrastructure and network of roads by defining and strengthening the tourism sidewalk and equipping and expanding public spaces. And helps to recreate urban spaces on the sidewalk of Lalehzar Street and help develop and provide urban services by modernizing or creating new uses, as well as modeling using valuable concepts and patterns in the historical-cultural context of this old street. Ultimately, the implementation of such strategies will enhance the presence and participation of residents and investors to recreate the culture of the base. The results of SWOT analysis showed that; Aggressive and competitive strategies occupied the largest area in the need for cultural regeneration of the region. This shows that the final strategic position of the region is more towards providing the infrastructure of revitalization in the form of improvements, renovation and reconstruction of cultural sites of the old texture and revival of the collective memory of the old Lalehzar.
Ebraham Roumina; Ghasem Teymori; Zahra Ahmadipour
Abstract
City as a geographic ecosystem is composed of different artificial (framework) and natural (humans) elements and parts. Dynamics and vitality of such ecosystem emanates from relationships between its interconnected elements and components. On the other hand, the urban space is the host of humans, and ...
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City as a geographic ecosystem is composed of different artificial (framework) and natural (humans) elements and parts. Dynamics and vitality of such ecosystem emanates from relationships between its interconnected elements and components. On the other hand, the urban space is the host of humans, and also is the arena of political, economic, cultural, social decision-making, and in such an active cycle it is constantly produced and represented. It is interesting that the impact of gender effectiveness of urban settlers is different in this geographic ecosystem. Such different and unequal gender role playing is considered as a problem in this research by the case study in one of the Tehran districts. The research methodology is descriptive-analytic and analyzed the gender position in construction of urban space as well as factors affecting on it by using the library information, observation, interview as well as questionnaire. The research findings show that (feel of) security, access to municipal facilities and civic participation of women is significantly less than men. This situation has reduced citizenship satisfaction and communication of citizens. Graffiti, advertising, sculptures, signs and symbols in the 6th district of Tehran as indicators to measure the landscape, represents gender space and lack of gender justice in it. The effectiveness of all the above factors is visible in urban landscape and in urban public spaces, particularly. According to the research finding, Ideology and culture are two important factors in gender space. The former is more representation in public and semipublic spaces than second. So people as space users are faced by limitation. In other world, culture as collective behavior is less visible in such a district areas. Restrictions that have been imposed on such an urban district by institutions of urban administration are including social segregation based on gender and spatial segregation. Finally, city were unoccupied of the people’ social communication (especially women who need to be define their social identity) and have a negative effect on their social interaction.
Davood Eyvazlu; Mohammad Taghi Razavian; Mozaffar Sarrafi; Morteza Ghourchi
Abstract
Extended Abstract
1. Introduction
In this paper, through studying the air pollution and environmental destruction of Tehran metropolis, as a political, social, and economic issue, we discuss the competitive discourse between the nation-state (the eleventh government in Iran, 2013-2017) and the local ...
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Extended Abstract
1. Introduction
In this paper, through studying the air pollution and environmental destruction of Tehran metropolis, as a political, social, and economic issue, we discuss the competitive discourse between the nation-state (the eleventh government in Iran, 2013-2017) and the local government (municipality of Tehran 2013-2017) in terms of the creation of meaning, hegemony, and the production of space. Generally, the purpose of analyzing the above-mentioned discourses in this study is to identify the aspects that a particular discourse highlights or attempts to make some aspects absent. In Iran the local government (municipality) and the nation-state are affecting the city space through policies and management system. This paper focuses on the discourse of nation-state and local government in Tehran city.
2. Theoretical Framework
The theoretical framework of this article is based on discourse analysis theory and representation and otherness concepts.
Representation:
Representation is a cultural process. It is also a political process, where individuals/groups seek to persuade or coerce others into accepting their representation as the “correct” one. Representations or “ideological fictions” are necessary for the discourse –logical consistency of planning practice. They structure our transcendent ideas and ideals of what is and what should be “out there”.
Absent/ Otherness:
Law believes that debates about social and environmental justice shift between presence and absence. Some presence/absences are deferred of relations not present now, but relations yet to come. There are oscillatory distributions between the present/now and the absent/future or the absent/now and the present/future. Thus, planning is a sort of creative agonistic between presence and absence, manifest and latent.
Discourse Analysis:
Discourse is a bunch of words which belong to the same formation. Analytical activity is the description of the united shape of the bunch of words which has no place for concepts of meaning, intention, and the moment of creation. The aim of the analysis is to deal with a set of functions at lingual (verbal) level as well as dealing with the positive shape of their definition.
3. Methodology
Discourse Analysis theory of Laclau and Mouffe is considered both as a theory and as a research method. In this regard, capitalizing on the method of discourse analysis, we examine two main discourses (discourse of nation-state, i.e., the eleventh government in Iran, 2013-2017; and local government, i.e., municipality’s discourse, 2013-2017) in terms of the air pollution in Tehran.
4. Discussion
Results show that the nodal point of the local government (municipality) discourse is public transportation and the floating signifiers of the local government’s discourse are the development of metro and green spaces. On the other hand, the nodal point of the national government’s discourse is "quality and control". The interviews by government officials indicate that the nation-state’s nodal point is based on the automobile quality supervision and fuel quality. As discourses are attempting to highlight or other some aspects of the reality, the development of metro (the achievement of the local government) is absent in the nation-state’s discourse; or it is trying to undermine the discourse of municipality by challenging the urban management. On the other hand, the local government (municipality) is Othering the impact of the urban management role (such as traffic or towers) on the increase of air pollution in Tehran City. Generally, findings indicate that both the local government and nation-state’s discourses seek to represent what they would like to be present out there.
5. Conclusion and Suggestions
Discourse analysis showed that both the national government and local governments are seeking to make hegemony by highlighting some aspect of the facts, in order to pretend to the society that their representation is true and their management has been successful. The local government (public transportation discourse) is highlighting the developments in Tehran’s Metro section, and the nation-state (technology-oriented discourse) is highlighting the control and quality. On the other hand, the share of the government's aid to the urban public transportation has been marginalized in the discourse of the national government and the impact of the urban management and urban traffic caused by an inappropriate land-use planning on Tehran’s air pollution is suppressed and othered in the municipality’s discourse.
Based on the discourse analysis, we can say that the next discourse should be based on an integrated development; i.e., good governance through strengthening the role of civil society. Also, according to the principles of good governance, enhancing the transparency and accountability in both local and national levels could be the first step to begin the process of reducing environmental problems and air pollution in Tehran metropolitan.
