Mortaza Firuzi; Seyed Hadi Zarghani; Hadi Azami; zahra nasimi
Abstract
There have been many changes in geographical names throughout history. After the formation of the modern nation-state in the Middle East and then the spread of nationalism in the region, geographical names played a significant role in their national identity. This method of naming also holds true for ...
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There have been many changes in geographical names throughout history. After the formation of the modern nation-state in the Middle East and then the spread of nationalism in the region, geographical names played a significant role in their national identity. This method of naming also holds true for the name of the Persian Gulf. The name of the Persian Gulf has been used as the most common name in history. In this respect, despite a great deal of research on the name of the Persian Gulf, there has been little research linked to the Persian Gulf entry in Ottoman and Turkish lexicons and encyclopedias.This paper focuses on the entries of the Persian Gulf in early modern Turkey and the Ottoman lexicon and encyclopedia, which were written before the establishing of modern nation-states in the Middle East. This research is new to his field, as no research was found regarding the Persian Gulf entry in the Turkish and Ottoman lexicons and encyclopedias. In this research, by adopting a descriptive-analytic method, the associated entries in the seven Turkish and Ottoman sources were translated and analyzed.The results of this study show that the entries of the Persian Gulf hold a special place in modern Turkish and Ottoman sources. When it comes to the Persian Gulf, they used Baṣra Körfezi, Baḥr-i Fârs, and ʿAcem. These names are equal to one another, and there is no preference for their use. Furthermore, it was only used in the Ottoman era. However, the Persian Gulf has always been used both before and during this period, and also in the post-Ottoman period.
Nejat Mohammadifar; Ali Moradi
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the cultural components of the border residents and its role in sustainable security of Kermanshah border areas. According to the hypothesis, there is a significant relationship between the cultural components of the border residents and the sustainable security ...
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The purpose of this study is to analyze the cultural components of the border residents and its role in sustainable security of Kermanshah border areas. According to the hypothesis, there is a significant relationship between the cultural components of the border residents and the sustainable security of the border areas. The present study was conducted by the method (quantitative and qualitative). The statistical population in the qualitative section included experts and specialists aware of the research topic. Snow ball method is the sampling method in the qualitative section, which reached a theoretical consensus with 30 elites and experts. A small part of the statistical population is included citizens of the border areas of Kermanshah province. According to initial estimates, the number of these people was 540. Semi-structured interviews and researcher-made questionnaires are used to collect data. The coding analysis method was used to identify and prioritize the cultural components and sustainable border security. Also, SPSS software was used in the quantitative part of the study. The results show that sustainable border security from the respondents' point of view has 19 semantic parts in six common categories, included "economic security", "social security", "political security", "environmental security", "military security" and "cultural security". On the other hand, the cultural dimensions of the border residents were the six dimensions of "participation and cooperation", "cultural cohesion", "two-way interaction", "insight and awareness", "ideology" and "chivalry". Correlation matrices between cultural categories and sustainable border security show that there is a significant and direct relationship between each of the components of this matrix. It can be said that the two categories of the core of sustainable border security and the six cultural components of border residents are interrelated; if a two-way interaction takes place between these components, social order will be formed in the borders and the border residents will witness a kind of sustainable security.
