Mariam Verij kazemi; ezatullah ezati; abdolreza farajirad
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to address the Geo-economics of energy in Russia, which is interested in penetrating and controlling the consumer markets of East Asia (Japan, China and South Korea) in order to expand its hegemony by formulating the energy strategy in 2035. Therefore, an attempt is made ...
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The purpose of this study is to address the Geo-economics of energy in Russia, which is interested in penetrating and controlling the consumer markets of East Asia (Japan, China and South Korea) in order to expand its hegemony by formulating the energy strategy in 2035. Therefore, an attempt is made to answer the question by the analytical-descriptive method and using the latest statistical data, as follows: Are Russia’s Geo-economic relations in the field of energy can control the discourse and strategy of consuming countries in favor of Russia’s economic hegemony? To answer this question, the first Russia’s 2035 energy strategy and the amount of Gas and Oil production and exports of this country, and finally the amount of consumption and import of oil and gas in East Asian markets and Russia’s and the cooperation of Japan, China and South Korea with Russia in energy field will be discussed. The conclusion indicates although the territorial proximity of the East Asian markets to Russia can greatly strengthen the Geo-economic relations of Russia with these regions in the economic and energy fields, still the measures adopted by the east Asian countries in order to reduce greenhouse gases and the pressure of traditional energy supplier competitors can reduce the Russia’s energy hegemony and affect the future of cooperation between these Regions. Considering the diverse purposes of supplying energy to East Asian markets and the operationalization of the energy strategy of these countries based on the reduction of greenhouse gases as well as the replacement of renewable energies with oil and gas energy, it seems that Russia is facing obstacles in reaching the goals of the 2035 energy strategy. In this way, Russia’s geo-economic relations with East Asian markets will be influenced by the policy of serious competitors supplying energy to East Asian markets and strategic considerations about the use of renewable energy, as well as their Anti -Russian policies, rather than benefiting the development of Russia’s economic hegemony.
Hassan Noorali; Zahra Pishgahifard
Abstract
The global geopolitical order became fluid after the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union, and we witnessed a shift in dimensions from geostrategy to economic and cultural dimensions in the last decades of the twentieth century. Meanwhile, Wallerstein's theory of geoculture and Huntington's ...
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The global geopolitical order became fluid after the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union, and we witnessed a shift in dimensions from geostrategy to economic and cultural dimensions in the last decades of the twentieth century. Meanwhile, Wallerstein's theory of geoculture and Huntington's theory of the clash of civilizations did not work out well, so we are witnessing the formation of a "geopolinomics" order in the 21st century that was previously conceptualized by "Demko and Wood" and "kazi". Using their terminology, the authors present a new theory called the "geopolinomical structure of the world system" for the 21st century, which is based on the components of economics, politics and geography. The present article is of the type of fundamental and theoretical research and the information and raw materials of the analysis are obtained by the library method and by using scientific books and articles, as well as valid or reference websites.The results show that in the modern geopolinomical order, a fragile multipolar equilibrium has been formed with the axis of the four powers of the United States, China, Russia and India, and energy and ports, along with corridors and geotransit routes are geopolinomical components. These factors have given rise to the "geographical gravity of power rivalry" in Central Asian-Eurasia as the "ecumene" of the structure.
